Oil-burner.



W. D. M. HOWARD.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20.1917.

1 ,269 98%. PatenredJune 11, 1918.

Z SHEETS $HEET I.

FH @TI .Jil W ATTORNEYS W. D. M. HOWARD.

OIL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED'JUNEZO. 19w.

Patvntvd June 11, 1918.

2 SHhETSSHEET 2 E s m N T I W naeaeea.

erence to the e tr;

DMVIB MEERY HOWARD, @F SAN FRANCISCO CALIFORNIA.

QED-HUMMER.

To all whom it may concern:

ARI), a citizen of the United States, residing 1 at the city and count of San Francisco and State of California, ave invented new and useful Tm rovements in Oil-Burners, of which the ollowin is a specification.

invention re ates to an improvement in 011 burners, and is especially applicable to that class in which no wick 1s employed, and in which a gas or vapor is generated from the oil b heating the same to a temperature less t an is necessary to crack it, this gas being mixed with a proper proportion of air through primary and secondar inlets, and eventually de ivered throug various connections to the point of c0mbustion and service.

The invention comprises a head having a means for securing it suspended beneath a stove lid or equivalent support in the to of the fire pot in which is a port for the a mission of air. Through this head the oil is admitted by a regulating valve thereafter descending through a passage in the burner head into a retort where it is subjected to heat sufficient to vaporize it. The

retort is fitted with a quantity of finely divided non-combustible material through which the oil passes, and a gas thus produced is delivered into a centrally located air mixing chamber and raceway, discharging from that through a wire gauze into a mixing and distributing chamber. -Durin its passage to said raceway air is admitte and mixed with the gas. Thence the carbureted gas passes out through a wire gauze disk into the combustion chamber where it meets air from secondary ports and combustion takes place. The products of combustion and the flame are deflected against the gas producer by the shape or the combustlon chamber and eventually discharged in a substantially horizontal sheet of flame into the furnace or fire pot.

It also comprises details of construction which will be more fully explained by refaccompanying drawings, in which i specification or Lettcra Patent. P te t ga 1mg, application tiled June to, 191?. serial Ito. IWRW.

Figure l is a vertical section ratus.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through line of Fig. 1.

F1 g. 3 is an enlarged section of the oil admission devices.

4 is a top view of the same.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through line 55 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section through line 7-'{ of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a horizontal section through line 88 of Fig. 1.

As herein illustrated, A represents the top of the stove or stove lid, or otherequivalent support, beneathwhich the burner 3 is suspended by screwing the head thereto, or by other means, as at 2, so that the apparatus of the appathrough line hangs suspended fromthis sup ort. An

the opposite side of the diaphragm, said valve ing opened when the pressure exert ed b the iaphragm against the valve stem is re need and the stem is moved by means of an opposing spring a acting for that purpose.

From the inlet 5 the oil passes down through a passage m which may be drilled in the burner head 3, and is delivered into the retort which consists of an annular chamber 9 and a central air mixing chamber or carbureter 10. This chamber 9 is preferably filled with small iron shot which acts to subdivide the oil and to heat it, when thus sub divided, so as to form it into a as without cracking. This gas passes upwar y through the port 6, thence downwardl through a central atomizing jet 11 and hem delivered from this, it meets with hot air t rough adjustable primary air ports 7 opening into the enlargement in the u per art of the head 3,.

and being thus mine wit the air it passes down through the convergent Venturi throat 12 of a tube, and thence through the raceway 10, where it is subjected to the nter or heat of the annular chamber hand primarily of the burning gas in the outer portion of the ap aratus.

At t e lower end of the raceway 10 1s a wire gauze screen 13-, through which the generated gas Fasses, this screen preventing back firing. he gas is dehvered throu h this screen into a distributing chamber t, thence passing into a combustion chamber 15. A portion of the mixture passes through an openin 16 into an annular an" chamber 17 into-w ich air is admitted through ports 18 surrounding this chamber. 'lhe size of the ports 18 may be varied by means of a screw rod 20 passing through a nut 19 and a nut 24 by which the flash pan may be raised or lowered with relation to the combu'stion chamber 15 to increase or decrease the size of the port openings which reglster with the surrounding openings 2 1.

In the combustion chamber 15, into which the carbureted gas is discharged through the horizontal passages 13, the gas meets with the secondary air supply from the chamber 17 and striking directl into the curvature of the combustion chain er Wlll be diverted and thrown back against the producer 9, aided by radial wings 22, and is thus heated to convert the oil into gas, as before described. Passing from this oint it is again diverted outwardly over t e flaring lip. 11 of the combustion chamber and duecharged outwardly into the fire pot or furnace. By the independent adjustment of the combustion chamber and auxiliary air suply, I am able to regulate the flame to any desired degree producing noiseless combustion.

When starting the burner from a cold state, the oil admitted at 5 passes down through the apparatus into the distributing chamber 14, and from this chamber a portion of the oil flows through a hole 16 and is received in a flash pan or heater 24, where it may be ignited and the resulting flame mixing with air from the ports 18 passes into the combustion chamber and heats the apparatus to a worhng condition.

' The atomizing jet 11 is preferably adiustably mounted in the head 3, asshown, to permit it to be raised or lowered with relation to the primary air inlet opening '2'. This is an important feature as it serves as a means for increasing or decreasing the ct action in the Venturi end of the mixing tu e or, in other words, regulates the amount of air admitted at this point.

Another important feature is the adjustable mounting of the combustion chamber 15. This chamber is supported by arms 30 sheet-like formation and roarin up n the screwrod 20 and e p1ate'31, at

or lowered with relationto a b mounted u on. the head 3. -The annular s ace 32,- ormed between the combustion "c amber and the ,bafile plate, permits the flame to discharge in an annular, horizpntgl, o t e flame may be entirely eliminated y adjusting the said annular opening to increase or decrease the size of the flame; The plate 2, together with the baflle late 31, are preferably provided with a ed openings 33 and 34 to permit a taper to be to light the oil in the flash pan when the burner is first started; the upper openin 33 being closed by a pivotally mounted die 35 after the oil has been ignited.

Gombustion takes place after the air and gas mixture leaves the distributing chamber 14, as indicated h the arrows, and as the shape of the casting forming the combustion chamber deflects the flame back toward the gas generatin chamber containing the shot, it can read' be seen that this will be sufficiently boats to immediately generate gas as oil is admitted through the passage a. lhe flame, after passing by the gas generating chamber, will, of course, discharge through the annular passage 32 and thereby form an annular sheet-like flame which produces a large heating surface and permits of axial distribution of the heat. Practically speamng, a perfect combustion is obtained by regulating the position of the atomizing jet 11 and the secondary air inlets l8.

l-lavin thus described my invention, what I. c aim and desire to secure by Letters Patentis- 1. oil burner comprisin ing a valve-controlled passage in ough. which oil is admitted, an annular retort into which a has, 7

the 'oil is led and wherein it is gasifled,-a passage in the head through which the prod-I surrounding said vaporizing member, and

suspendin means therefor, and a flash pan and secon ary air supply member therebenot passes upward, a carbureting-chamber' extending downwardly through'the-center of said retort, an adjustable atomizinggjet neath, said secondary member being inde-, pendently and vertically adjustable to vary the 'air inlet thereinto.

3. In an oil burner of the character described, an annular finely subdivided chamber forming a retort in which an oil is gasified, an air mixing chamber thereabove and in communication therewith, a jet tube through which the gas is delivered to said mixing chamber from the gasifying chamber, a tube concentric with the annular retort and leading downwardly from the air mixing chamber, a screen at the bottom of said tube, horizontally disposed dischar ing passages therefrom, and an exterior com ustion chamber surrounding the gasifying from the head and into the combustion chamber.

5. An oil burner-adapted to be positioned within a fire pot, a cover for said fire pot, a burner head secured to and dependent from said cover and comprising a retort, means for delivering a liquid fuel thereto, means for conveying a gaseous fuel therefrom, an air and gas mixing tube extending centrally through said retort and adapted to receive gaseous fuel therefrom, an automatically controlled valve in communication with the liquid fuel inlet means and the gaseous fuel outlet means whereby a definite ratio of flow will be maintained between said liquid and gas, and a burner disposed beneath the retort and fed by the gaseous fuel passing throu h the air and gas mixing tube.

6. I n an oil burner, a head, a flame spreader secured thereto, a gas retort within said head, a burner nozzle in communication with the lower end of said retort, and a combustion chamber supported from the bottom of said retort and adapted to allow the flame to pass upwardly and outwardly.

around said spreader.

7. An oil burner comprising a head member, a gas generator connected with the head, means for admitting oil to said generator, a

a tube extending through the generator having primary air inlet openings communicating with its upper end, a gas ejecting nozzle entering the upper end of the tube, means permitting the gas generated to be discharged through said nozzle, a distributing member through below the tube through which the gas from the nozzle and the primaryair tted is adapted to discharge, and a" casing surroundin the distributer and the generator in whic combustion takes place and from which the flame is adapted to discharge.

8. An oil burner comprising a head member, a, gas generator connected with the head, means for admitting oil to said-generator, a tube extending through the generator havmg primary air inlet openings communicatlng wlth its upper end, a gas ejecting nozzle enter ng the upper end of the tube, means permlttmg the gas generated to be dischar ed through said nozzle, a distributing mem er below the tube through which the gas from the nozzle and the primary air admitted is adapted to discharge, a casing surrounding the distributer and the generator in which combustion takes place and from which the flame is adapted to discharge, means for regulating and aitting secondary air to the said casing to promote combustion therein, a baflle late above the casing, and means for adj ustlng the position of the casing vertically to increase or decrease the distance between the bae plate and the top of the casing.

9. An oil burner comprising a head member, a gas generator connected with the head, means for admitting oil to said generator, a tube extending through the generator havmg prlmary air inlet openings commumcating with its upper end, a gas ejectmg nozzle entering the upper end of the tube, means permitting the gas generated to be discharged through said nozzle a distributing member below the tube through which the gas from the nozzle and the primary air admitted is adapted to discharge, a casing surrounding thedistributer and. the generator in whlch combustion takes place and from which the flame is adapted to discharge, means for adjusting the position of the gas nozzle vertically, and

means for automatlcally regulating the volume of oil delivered to the generator.

10. An oil burner comprislnga head member, a gas tgenerator connected with the head, means or admitting oil to said genera tor, a tube extending through the generator having primary air inlet openings communicating with its upper end, a gas ejecting nozzle entering the upper end of the tube, means permitting the gas generated to be discharged through said nozzle, a distributing mem er below the tube through which the gas from the nozzle and the primary air admitted is adapted to discharge, a casing surrounding the distributer and the generator in which combustion takes place and from which the. flame is adapted to discharge, means for regulating and atting tllli lid llllti llll secondary air to the said casing to Promote said pan when the hurner is first; eta, combustion therein, a he plate above the and means emitting access to lgmte the casing, means for adjusting the position-of oil in the pan.

the casing vertically to increase or decrease In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 5 the distance between the heme plate and the my hand in the presence of two snhscribin at top of the casing, means for adjusting the Witnesses.

position of the gas nozzle vertically, means WILLIAM DAVIS for automatically regulating the volume of Witnesses:

oil delivered to the generator, a flash pan Jenn H. t t t a a, 10 below the'casing, means for admitting oil to W. W. lunar,

a new-me. 

